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Reconstruction North And South - 1439 Words

Chapter 17 - Reconstruction: North and South America after the Civil War The War s Aftermath the fate of the former Confederacy, newly freed slaves, and the reforming US were all hot topics post war Development in the North the civil war was a social revolution in many ways; allowing great social and political reform and a flow of thoughts that were usually tided Morrill Tariff - doubled the average import duties National Banking Act - created a uniform system of banking and kanknote currency to help finance the war Subsidies for transcontinental railroad - Congress decided the rail would take the north-central route and donated public land and sold bonds to finance it Homestead Act of 1862 - Congress provides federal homesteads of 160 acres to settlers in exchange for their occupying the land for 5 years to gain title Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 - gave each state 30,000 acres of federal land per member of congress of the state Devastation in the South Property destroyed in the wa ke of the war, mostly due to Sherman, leaving huge amounts of property destroyed or worthless Confederate currency and bonds worthless; railroads damaged and destroyed Loss of $4 billion that had been invested in labor—the slaves Problems of postwar agriculture as the various crops struggled to wriggle their way out from infancy once more, leaving all production lacking A Transformed South with so much of their previous infrastructure gone, their workers and their familiesShow MoreRelatedNorth or South: Reconstruction after the American Civil War Essay1762 Words   |  8 Pagescasualties and the North winning and the South losing. Southern soldiers returned from the war and found their home in ruins. Lots of people lost their homes, land, businesses, and their way of life. Many Southerners faced starvation due to the high food prices and the widespread of crop failure. The Confederate money that was used by Southerners was now useless. Numerous banks collapsed, and the merchants went bankrupt because people couldn’t pay their debts. The people of the South were penniless andRead MoreWhy Was Responsible For The End Of Reconstruction?1282 Words   |  6 Pagesperson. The question is, who was responsible for the ending of Reconstruction (To rebuild/fixing after war): Northern Neglect or Southern Resistance? Though there is no question. The Nor th’s neglecting to the south was a primary reason for the ending of reconstruction because during that era a large percentile of the North made up the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), which that specific group was largely opposed to the reconstruction of the South as well as they were supremacist; which means, â€Å"an advocate ofRead MoreWhy the Reconstruction Stopped After the Civil War Essay678 Words   |  3 PagesReconstruction has been brutally murdered! For a little over a decade after the Civil War, the victorious North launched a campaign of social, economic, and political recovery in the former Confederacy and to readmit the land in the former Confederacy back into the United States as states. Reconstruction yielded many benefits for African Americans. The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments freed African Americans, made them citizens, and gave them the right to vote respectively. The Freedmen’s Bureau alsoRead MoreWhat Caused The Civil War? Slavery? Politics?Social Conflic ts?Maybe1628 Words   |  7 Pageshappened. It was called the Civil War. The Civil War was between the North and the South about slavery. The North was antislavery, but the South was all for slavery. The North wanted to free the slaves to help fight the war, but the South was not fond of that. Some would believe that they would talk it out; however, they both decided to have a four-year war about it. Although many feel that slaves were only used to help the North in the Civil War, in reality, they determined how it came about. Read MoreTo What Extent Did The South Kill Reconstruction?1152 Words   |  5 Pages To What Extent did the South Kill Reconstruction? Reconstruction was a time of great change for the now-unified United States. It started in 1865, coinciding with the Union win of the Civil War. Reconstruction is defined as ‘the process by which the states that had seceded were reorganized as part of the Union after the Civil War.† This means that the Northern states were given the task of trying to decide what to do with the states that left the Union before the war. Deciding what to do withRead MoreReconstruction Of Reconstruction During The Civil War883 Words   |  4 Pages Describe and analyze Reconstruction. Did Reconstruction have any successes? The end of civil war in the United States of America brought about many problems, in particular for the South. Some of the problems were political, economic decay and social disorder. The war destroyed the plantations and crops thus causing many to starve to death while others became homeless. The reconstruction became the only hope for the people. Radical reconstruction began in 1867, which enabled the freed black menRead More Characteristics and Impacts of American Reconstruction Essay1548 Words   |  7 PagesCharacteristics and Impacts of American Reconstruction The key goals of Reconstruction were to readmit the South into the Union and to define the status of freedmen in American society. The Reconstruction era was marked by political, not violent, conflict. Some historical myths are that the South was victimized by Reconstruction, and that the various plans of Reconstruction were corrupt and unjust. Actually, the plans were quite lenient, enforcing military rule for only a short periodRead MoreWhy Did Reconstruction Fail870 Words   |  4 PagesWhy did Reconstruction fail? Reconstruction in the United States is historically known as the time in America, shortly after the Civil War, in which the United States attempted to readdress the inequalities, especially of slavery and many other economic, social and politically issues including the poor relationship between the North and the South of America. These problems were highly significant in America, and a variety of groups in government tried to resolve these problems, but this only ledRead MoreOrigin Of And Role Played By Manifest Destiny1323 Words   |  6 Pages1845. Since then, scholars have used the term to refer to the expansionistic excitement that defined the 1840s. During that time, the United States’ population had more than quadrupled and Americans believed God had destined that they span the entire North America from one coast to the other. Although the term â€Å"Manifest Destiny† was used to typify the 1840s American expansionistic exuberance, it can be broadly used to chara cterize any country’s imperialistic thrusts (Harriet). In this regard, Utah, theRead MoreReconstruction Era1650 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction 1 The Reconstruction Era Jessica Onken American History Since 1865 Professor Tim Johnston August 2, 2010 Reconstruction 2 The Reconstruction Era The reconstruction era was a difficult time for the African American slaves from 1865 to 1877 because the slaves were freed and there were no jobs for them, had very little or no education, and had very limited opportunity in the south. Reconstruction was one of the most critical periods in American History. The Civil

Education Today free essay sample

The education system today is a system that is solely based on a teacher-student relationship. In todays system, its more schooling than educating. Teachers teach and students learn because they are taught that teachers are always right. Students are taught not to question, and not to challenge the system. Paulo Freire in Pedagogy of the Oppressed goes into much detail about some of the challenges that the system of education faces. Some challenges that the education faces are concepts of, Fear of Freedom, Oppressed versus the Oppressor, and Culture of Silence. In the system of education, there is a fear of freedom, where the educators are afraid to challenge the curriculum of those in higher authority in the fear of losing their careers; they teach what they are told to teach their students. Some educators want to challenge the system but if the majority do not act along with them, how can they challenge and change the ways of teaching. We will write a custom essay sample on Education Today or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They have to follow the instructions of the administrators. Any act that is of their own can jeopardize their career. Freire also talks about the Fear of Freedom (46). He states that because there is no sense of freedom teachers become oppressed. He says that, freedom is acquired by conquest not by gift (47) They do not attempt to challenge the status quo. This concept is the Freirean Flip. The concept of the Freirean Flip is ironic because the oppressed becomes the oppressor. In the education system or in the classroom the teachers become both the oppressed and the oppressor. They are oppressed by the administrators about the curriculum. Due to them being oppressed they in turn become the oppressors in their classroom. This is where the irony comes in; the teachers who were once oppressed begin to oppress their students, making them the oppressors. In other situations when the teachers gain promotions and become part of the administration they sometimes forget where they originated from and they oppress other teachers that they once worked with. Instead of causing a change when they become part of the administration, they forget their previous circumstances and become a part of the Oppressed-Oppressor system. In comparison with Fear of Freedom, Culture of Silence is also an issue in the education system. In the culture of silence, the ones who are being educated are told not to speak, they are told not to challenge the system. Because of this, it is hard to think critically and to think on their own. There is also a lack of Critical Consciousness, or in Freires term Conscientizacao. They do not think beyond what they are taught, they do not question the concepts that they are being taught. Its whatever the teacher says that goes. Also in Culture of Silence, the students are educated in a way that they are aware that things are the way that they are, but nothing can be done about it. In a way they are enslaved, and are told what to think and do. In conclusion, our education system had to have a balance, where the role of the teachers and students are equal. Teachers do not always have to be teachers and in the same way students do not always have to be students. There should be a balance where the roles can be switched, students can be the teachers and teachers can also be the student.

The witch-hunt in Early Modern England Essay Example

The witch-hunt in Early Modern England Paper There has been long established belief about witchcraft, which has never been disputed. The belief in maleficium, which is the practice of harmful magic, has been entrenched in popular belief since before the Middle Ages. However, the idea of diabolism didnt really arise in English popular fear, because there was no specific torture involved in the prosecution of witches in England. With European elements, such as diabolism and Sabbath missing, it can be assumed by the process of elimination that the English public themselves were at the heart of the witch-hunts and this was down to superstition mainly, although the witch-hunt was multi-causal. The first piece of literature that provided information on the witchcraft on a large scale on witchcraft was the Malleus Maleficarum. It was first published in 1486 and was written by two Dominican monks, Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger. It defined the crimes of a witch, but it didnt include diabolism, which was to make a pact with the devil. We will write a custom essay sample on The witch-hunt in Early Modern England specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The witch-hunt in Early Modern England specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The witch-hunt in Early Modern England specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, there was no English translation of the Malleus until modern times, and therefore this shows why European ideas may have been very slow to take effect on the English people. Also literacy in England was very low and the only real way of European ideas reaching England, would have been the elite, who were not really that keen to promote witch-hunts on the basis of diabolism. Therefore the accusers of a witch could not try her solely on suspicion and in England more evidence was required for proceedings to go ahead. This meant that in England there wee less cases of witchcraft of witchcraft and lower conviction rates than compared to Europe. In England, there were no legal reforms like the ones in Europe. If a person was accused of a crime, the lay-jury would intiate the proceedings and the trial jury would dwell over the facts, and the judge focussed at the evidence, before making decision. It was an accusatorial system in England, where victims had to prove the crime had been committed and provide witnesses, who were themselves open to prosecution if the accuse was acquitted. There was no legal excuse for the use of torture and therefore it was difficult to extract confessions, from the witches about their activities. This way the idea of diabolism never really penetrated the mind of the English people, and maleficium remained the main crime of performing witchcraft. In 1468, the Papacy ruled that witchcraft was a crimen exceptum, which means an exceptional crime. This legalised the use of torture and basically permitted the use of any methods to deal with the witchcraft crimes. However, King Henry VIII had broken away from the Roman Catholic Church and had formed the Church of England. This meant that the ideas were being devised by the Papacys intellectuals for prosecution, were not implemented in the English legal system and witchcraft was not an exceptional crime in England. In England, witchcraft for most people was still an activity, which was doing harm to others by supernatural means and so it wasnt heresy. The Acts of Parliaments verify this, when the first two statutes were passed. In 1542m it was made a felony to conjure spirits or to practice witchcraft, in order to find treasure along with other activities. The Act clearly treated the crime of witchcraft as consisting in positive acts of hostility against the community, rather than forming relations with the devil. The first act was repealed and a second statute was passed in 1563. The second statute was more severe in punishment and using maleficium for any means was a serious offence. The level of the offence depended on how seriously the victim was injured. However, in the third witchcraft statute in 1604, there was some element of Continental belief. It was felony to perform maleficum that resulted in anyones death and it also banned evil spirits. On of the reasons that the third statute, included diabolism was because of Englands monarch, James I, who was Scottish and had Continental view on witchcraft. The statute was repealed in 1736 and this showed how far English Law on witchcraft could go, in order to be aligned with Continental doctrines. The English witch-hunt claimed very few lives, compared to the rest of Europe, but it does have some statistics to be aware of and one of the reasons was Mathew Hopkins. He was professional witch-hunter, who assisted in the prosecution of many cases. In 1645, under his influence, there were sixteen people convicted for entertaining evil spirits, but seven of them were accused of killing other people. The Essex Circuit had 492 indictments for maleficium and eighteen were for entertaining evil spirits, which were influenced by Hopkins. English judges, such as Sir Robert Filmer, said that the were unlikely to condemn, unless murder was involved. The only notable exception to this practice was during Hopkinss campaign. Between 1645 and 1647, some 200 people were most likely to have been convicted, because of Hopkinss assistance. During the late sixteenth and seventh centuries, the courts were slowly treating cases along the Continental lines. This was due to the fact, that when an allegation of maleficium reached the courts it could easily be turned into one of devil worship and it was easier for the prosecution if there was a clear confession of a link with the devil. However, despite the increasing bias in the courts, the popular concept of witchcraft was restricted to maleficium. Therefore the judicial machinery was gradually becoming available, but there seemed to have been no desire by either the Church or people to take advantage of it.